Terms offered: Fall 2017, Fall 2016, Summer 2016 First 6 Week Session
This course explores the role of "race" and ethnicity in the history of what became the Western United States from the Spanish invasion of the Southwest to contemporary controversies surrounding "race" in California. Rather than providing a continuous historical narrative, or treating each racialized "other" separately, the course works through a series of chronologically organized events in which issues of racial differences played key roles in creating what became a western identity.
A History of Race and Ethnicity in Western North America, 1598-Present: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2017, Spring 2016
This explores the work of key theorists of race, ethnicity, and de-colonization whose work and ideas have formed the basis of scholarly work in the broad, interdisciplinary field of comparative ethnic studies. It is intended both to offer beginning students a ground in the ideas and methods they will encounter throughout their major, and to introduce names, texts, and concepts with which all majors should be familiar. This course satisfies the American cultures requirement.
Theories and Concepts in Comparative Ethnic Studies An Introduction: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2009, Summer 2008 10 Week Session, Summer 2007 10 Week Session
The University, its relationship to corporate structures, legislative bodies, community people, and specifically, Third World people will be analyzed. The University's values will be critically examined. The history of ethnic studies programs in this country, their development, and, their struggles will be discussed.
Introduction to Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Summer 2017 Second 6 Week Session, Spring 2017
This survey course will examine the historical experiences of European immigrants, African Americans, and Latinos, emphasizing the themes of migration and economic change since the late 19th century. Though the class will focus on the three groups, the course will also address salient features of the experiences of Asian Americans, Native Americans, and recently arrived immigrants in light of the themes of the course. Intragroup differences such as class and gender will be discussed.
A Comparative Survey of Racial and Ethnic Groups in the U.S: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2017, Fall 2016
The Freshman Seminar Program has been designed to provide new students with the opportunity to explore an intellectual topic with a faculty member in a small-seminar setting. Freshman seminars are offered in all campus departments, and topics vary from department to department and semester to semester. Enrollment iimited to 15 freshmen.
Freshman Seminar: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Not yet offered
Freshman and sophomore seminars offer lower division students the opportunity to explore an intellectual topic with a faculty member and a group of peers in a small-seminar setting. These seminars are offered in all campus departments; topics vary from department to department and from semester to semester.
Freshman/Sophomore Seminar: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2015, Fall 2014, Fall 2013
An introductory, comparative, and interdisciplinary study of Native American, Mexican American, African American, and Asian American social and political struggles from 1960 to the present. The course traces the development of protest movements created by people of color in response to racial, class, gender, and political inequality in the context of U.S. politics and history. The course critically examines the internal and external factors contributing to the rise and fall of social and political movements and concludes with an analysis of the current conjuncture of race, ethnicity, culture, class, gender, and sexual preference in U.S. politics.
A Comparative Survey of Protest Movements Since the 60's: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 1998 10 Week Session
An introductory, comparative, and interdisciplinary study of Native American, Mexican American, African American, and Asian American social and political struggles from 1960 to the present. The course traces the development of protest movements created by people of color in response to racial, class, gender, and political inequality in the context of U.S. politics and history. The course critically examines the internal and external factors contributing to the rise and fall of social and political movements and concludes with an analysis of the current conjuncture of race, ethnicity, culture, class, gender, and sexual preference in U.S. politics.
A Comparative Survey of Protest Movements Since the 60's: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2013, Spring 2009
This course examines the history of indigenous, aboriginal, native, or "tribal" peoples over the last five centuries. Particular attention is paid to how these groups were brought into relations with an expanding Europe, capitalist development, and modern nation-states. How have these peoples survived, what are the contemporary challenges they face, and what resources and allies have they drawn on in the present?
Indigenous Peoples in Global Inequality: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Fall 2015, Summer 2015 10 Week Session
Supervised community field study.
Field Study in Communities of Color: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Fall 2015, Spring 2015
Group study of selected topics which will vary from semester to semester.
Supervised Group Study: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Fall 2017, Spring 2017
Berkeley Connect is a mentoring program, offered through various academic departments, that helps students build intellectual community. Over the course of a semester, enrolled students participate in regular small-group discussions facilitated by a graduate student mentor (following a faculty-directed curriculum), meet with their graduate student mentor for one-on-one academic advising, attend lectures and panel discussions featuring department faculty and alumni, and go on field trips to campus resources. Students are not required to be declared majors in order to participate.
Berkeley Connect: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Fall 2015, Spring 2015
Individual research on a topic which will lead to the writing of major paper. Regular meetings with the faculty sponsor. Limited to freshmen and sophomores.
Supervised Independent Study and Research: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2017, Spring 2015
Analysis of how selected works (poetry, short stories, novels, drama, and oral literature) reflect African American, Chicano, Asian American, and Native American consciousness and experiences.
Comparative Ethnic Literature in America: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2008 10 Week Session, Summer 2008 Second 6 Week Session, Summer 1999 10 Week Session
Analysis of how selected works (poetry, short stories, novels, drama, and oral literature) reflect African-American, Chicano, Asian-American, and Native American consciousness and experiences.
Comparative Ethnic Literature in America: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Summer 2017 Second 6 Week Session, Fall 2016
The course provides an overview of social science methods used in ethnic studies fieldwork, archival research, oral histories, literature review, and critical theory. Particular attention is given to research design, forms of data, research presentation and analysis, and the ethical questions involved in doing research on communities of color. The course will emphasize presenting research in a clear, concise manner, and students will be expected to do a research practicum and present their work in writing on a regular basis.
Social Science Methods in Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Summer 2017 First 6 Week Session, Spring 2017
The course provides an introduction to basic theoretical approaches to the literary and other cultural productions of ethnic or "minority" communities in the United States. It also involves the study of important writings by Latina/o, Native American, African American, Asian American, and mixed race writers, and to a lesser degree, the visual art production of these same communities. The course will focus with particular care on discourses of racialization, gender, and sexuality.
Humanities Methods in Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2017, Summer 2012 First 6 Week Session, Fall 2009
Designed primarily to give majors in Asian American studies, Chicano studies, Latin American studies, ethnic studies, and Native American studies elementary training in theoretical approaches to the study of race and ethnicity. Emphasis will be placed on writing and discussion. For a precise schedule of offerings, see department catalog during pre-enrollment week each semester.
Proseminar: Issues in the Fields of Ethnic Studies: Racialization and Empire: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2016, Summer 2010 First 6 Week Session
Designed primarily to give majors in Asian American studies, Chicano studies, Latin American studies, ethnic studies, and Native American studies elementary training in theoretical approaches to the study of race and ethnicity. Emphasis will be placed on writing and discussion. For a precise schedule of offerings, see department catalog during pre-enrollment week each semester.
Proseminar: Issues in the Fields of Ethnic Studies: Ethnicity and the Narrative: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2013, Spring 2012, Summer 2010 Second 6 Week Session
Designed primarily to give majors in Asian American studies, Chicano studies, Latin American studies, ethnic studies, and Native American studies elementary training in theoretical approaches to the study of race and ethnicity. Emphasis will be placed on writing and discussion. For a precise schedule of offerings, see department catalog during pre-enrollment week each semester.
Proseminar: Issues in the Fields of Ethnic Studies: Racialization and Contemporary Communities: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2015, Spring 2014, Spring 2011
Designed primarily to give majors in Asian American studies, Chicano studies, Latin American studies, ethnic studies, and Native American studies elementary training in theoretical approaches to the study of race and ethnicity. Emphasis will be placed on writing and discussion. For a precise schedule of offerings, see department catalog during pre-enrollment week each semester.
Proseminar: Issues in the Fields of Ethnic Studies: Racialization, Gender, and Popular Culture: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Summer 2017 First 6 Week Session, Summer 2017 Second 6 Week Session
The depiction of race and ethnic relations in American films from the 1960s to the present. The course covers independent features as well as mainstream Hollywood studio films.
Ethnicity and Race in Contemporary American Films: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2011, Spring 2008, Spring 2006
Course focuses on the production of sexualities, sexual identification, and gender differentiation across multiple discourses and locations.
Ethnicity, Gender, and Sexuality: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Spring 2015, Spring 2011
Course focuses on the production of sexualities, sexual identification, and gender differentiation across multiple discourses and locations.
Ethnicity, Gender, and Sexuality: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Fall 2016, Fall 2014
How and why did American society become racially and ethnically diverse? This comparative study of racial minorities and European immigrant groups examines selected historical developments, events, and themes from the 17th century to the present.
The Making of Multicultural America: A Comparative Historical Perspective: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2007 10 Week Session, Summer 2007 Second 6 Week Session, Summer 2006 10 Week Session
A comparative and historical study of racial inequality from 1600 to the present. Readings and lectures will focus on white racial attitudes and the subordination of Afro-Americans, Asians, Chicanos, and Native Americans within the context of American society and culture.
Racial Inequality in America: A Comparative Historical Analysis: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2017 First 6 Week Session, Summer 2016 First 6 Week Session, Fall 2015
The myth, reality and history of U.S. immigration. This course discusses issues raised by the recent immigration in a comparative, historical approach. An examination of theories, politics, and policy of U.S. immigration restriction.
Contemporary U.S. Immigration: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2015 10 Week Session, Summer 2015 First 6 Week Session, Summer 2014 Second 6 Week Session
Examines patterns of women's immigration to the U.S. in specific socio-historical and cultural contexts. Special attention to race, ethnic, and identity issues from woman-centered analysis and methodology.
Immigrant Women: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2009, Spring 2004, Spring 2003
A critical and comparative analysis of contemporary politics and issues affecting Mexican American/Latino, Native American, Asian American, and African American communities in the United States.
Racial Politics in America: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2017 Second 6 Week Session, Spring 2017, Summer 2016 Second 6 Week Session
Intensive histori-legal survey of racism in the United States, exploring the legal antecedents of the country's contemporary stratified society, and emphasizing the role of law as a social policy instrument. Readings and lectures will investigate the prevailing legal currency of racism in the United States through an examination of the country's formative legal documents and the consequent effects of a myriad of judicial decisions on peoples of color.
Racism and the U.S. Law: Historical Treatment of Peoples of Color: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2007 First 6 Week Session, Summer 2006 10 Week Session, Summer 2005 10 Week Session
A comparative examination of the historical treatment of the four major groups of color under United States law. Some contemporary issues are also examined. The experiences of individuals and groups under repressive law and how communities resist such laws and policies are other considerations. Students will study landmark case law and legislation dealing with race-based issues and critical theoretical discourses concerning race and law in the U.S.
Racism and the U.S. Law: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2017
A comparative analysis of religion as practiced by Latinos, Blacks, Asians and Native Americans and of the interplay of ethnicity and religion.
Religion and Ethnicity: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2014 10 Week Session, Summer 2014 Second 6 Week Session, Summer 2013 Second 6 Week Session
Examines the history and contemporary situations of Chicana/Latina, African American, Asian American and Native American Women. Conceptual focus will draw on lived experiences and theoretical constructs of race, class and gender.
Women of Color in the United States: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2017 Second 6 Week Session, Summer 2016 Second 6 Week Session, Summer 2015 Second 6 Week Session
Examines the history and contemporary situations of Chicana/Latina, African American, Asian American and Native American Women. Conceptual focus will draw on lived experiences and theoretical constructs of race, class, and gender.
Women of Color in the United States: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 1997 10 Week Session, Summer 1996 10 Week Session
Examines the history and contemporary situations of Chicana/Latina, African American, Asian American, and Native American women. Conceptual focus will draw on lived experiences and theoretical constructs of race, class, and gender.
Women of Color in the United States: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Fall 2016, Fall 2014
Deals with phenomenon of people of mixed-race descent, focusing on United States but with reference to other nations for comparative purposes. Includes historical perspective as well as exploring the psychology, sociology, literature, and cinema pertaining to topic.
People of Mixed Racial Descent: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Fall 2016, Fall 2015
The southern border--from California to Florida--is the longest physical divide between the First and Third Worlds. This course will examine the border as a distinct landscape where North-South relations take on a specific spatial and cultural dimension, and as a region which has been the testing ground for such issues as free trade, immigration, and ethnic politics.
The Southern Border: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Spring 2017, Spring 2016
This course examines the history of indigenous, aboriginal, native, or "tribal" peoples over the last five centuries. Particular attention is paid to how these groups were brought into relations with an expanding Europe, capitalist development, and modern nation-states. How have these peoples survived, what are the contemporary challenges they face, and what resources and allies have they drawn on in the present?
Indigenous Peoples in Global Inequality: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2015, Spring 2014
This course comprises extensive analyses of the ways in which American ethnic writers engage ontologies of self in characters who attempt to move beyond and out of the existential panic of being seen before they are seen. The direction of the course will move from the promise of Americanness, (i.e., Romanticist notions of self) in traditional American literary works to the legislated self in works by writers of color to modernist and postmodernist pastiche by various ethnic American writers.
Existential Panic in American Ethnic Literature: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Fall 2016, Fall 2014
Comparative survey of literature and cultural production from, and reflective of Ethnic Movement eras, particularly, but not limited to, those of the sixties. Representative literatures include Asian American, Chicano, African American, and Native American.
Literature from Ethnic Movements: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2017, Spring 2015
Comparative survey of art and other cultural production from a cross-section of selected American ethnic groups (in general, Asian American, Chicano, African American, and Native American). We approach works from various critical/theoretical perspectives, often constructing them as we analyze, and through the lens of Ethnic Studies.
Against the Grain: Ethnic American Art and Artists: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Spring 2017, Fall 2016
Students will examine social dynamics as well as cultural and intellectual productions by or about communities of color nationally and internationally from different methodological perspectives.
Selected Topics in Comparative Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Not yet offered
Students will examine the fundamental interconnections between race and the law within and beyond the U.S. from a range of interdisciplinary perspectives. Possible course topics include The Carceral State; Race and Immigration; Social Movements and the Law; Citizenship; Indigenous Legal Systems; Law and Literature; and Race, Environmental Justice and the Law.


Selected Topics in Race and the Law: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2017 First 6 Week Session, Summer 2016 10 Week Session
This study abroad course is designed primarily to permit instructors to deal with topics with which they are especially concerned; subject matter usually is more restricted than that of a regular course.
Selected Topics in Comparative Ethnic Studies - Study Abroad: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2017, Spring 2014
Taking a broad interdisciplinary approach, this course embraces the longue duree of critical prison studies, questioning the shadows of normality that cloak mass incarceration both across the globe and, more particularly, in the contemporary United States. This course thus explores a series of visceral, unsettling juxtapositions: "freedom" and "slavery"; "citizenship" and "subjugation"; "marginalization" and "inclusion", in each case explicating the ways that story making, political demagoguery, and racial, class, and sexual inequalities have wrought an untenable social condition.
Prison: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Not yet offered
Taking a broad interdisciplinary approach, this course embraces the longue duree of critical prison studies, questioning the shadows of normality that cloak mass incarceration both across the globe and, more particularly, in the contemporary United States. This course thus explores a series of visceral, unsettling juxtapositions: "freedom" and "slavery"; "citizenship" and "subjugation"; "marginalization" and "inclusion", in each case explicating the ways that story making, political demagoguery, and racial, class, and sexual inequalities have wrought an untenable social condition.
Prison: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2017 First 6 Week Session, Summer 2016 Second 6 Week Session, Summer 2015 Second 6 Week Session
This course will critically examine the complex relationship between race, rights, and citizenship. We will closely review contemporary laws on immigration, national security, voting rights, language access and affirmative action, and their associated social contexts and legal conflicts around racial profiling, education access, and citizenship rights. Citizenship rights are understood broadly in this class from “alienage” (the hierarchical demarcation of non-citizen versus citizen) to the right to marriage. A primary focus of this course is to understand how despite discrimination, outsiders have gained access to “insider” rights and in the process have naturalized what previously was considered out of the norm.

Race, Rights, and Citizenship: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Fall 2017, Spring 2017
In addition to class meetings, an extra assignment/research component will be added to the course to increase contact hours with students. Possible components include additional readings, outside-of-class research projects, and any other project which the instructor feels will add to the value of the course. Topics to be announced at the beginning of each semester.
Advanced Seminar in Comparative Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Fall 2016, Spring 2015
For a four unit course, an extra assignment/research component will be added to the course to increase contact hours with students. Possible components include additional readings, outside-of-class research projects and any other project which the instructor feels will add to the value of the course. Topics to be announced at the beginning of each semester.
Advanced Seminar in Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2011 10 Week Session, Summer 2010 10 Week Session
This study abroad course is designed primarily to permit instructors to deal with topics with which they are especially concerned; subject matter usually is more restricted than that of a regular course.
Advanced Seminar in Comparative Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Not yet offered
This course will provide incoming transfer students--especially first-generation, non-traditional students--an opportunity to engage in self-exploration and engage in processes central to completing research. Students will locate their academic passion and gain a better understanding of their major department. The course will focus on key strategies of the research process: developing a research question/thesis, methodology, and research writing. Students will practice a range of academic strategies, including critical reading, analytical writing, and oral presentation. Additionally, students will learn about the structure and function of a Research 1 university so they can better situate themselves in and negotiate the academic terrain.
Developing as a Researcher: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Not yet offered
This course is designed for incoming transfer students--especially first-generation, non-traditional students--to facilitate their transition to and success at UC Berkeley.
Transfer Transition Course: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2009, Fall 2008, Spring 2008
Doing research on issues in U.S. communities of color. Students will examine theories of society and do research on topics from different methodological perspectives. Issues will vary from semester to semester.
Selected Issues in Comparative Ethnic Studies Research: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Fall 2015, Spring 2015
Writing of a thesis under the direction of member(s) of the faculty.
Senior Thesis: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2015, Fall 2014, Fall 2013
Course for senior Ethnic Studies majors designed to support and guide the writing of a senior honors thesis. For senior Ethnic Studies majors who have been approved for the honors program.
Senior Honors Thesis for Ethnic Studies Majors: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Spring 2015, Spring 2014
Course for senior Ethnic Studies majors designed to support and guide the writing of a senior honors thesis. For senior Ethnic Studies majors who have been approved for the honors program.
Senior Honors Thesis for Ethnic Studies Majors: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Fall 2015, Summer 2015 10 Week Session
Supervised community field study.
Field Study in Communities of Color: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Fall 2015, Spring 2015
Group study of selected topics which will vary from semester to semester.
Supervised Group Study: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Fall 2017, Spring 2017
Berkeley Connect is a mentoring program, offered through various academic departments, that helps students build intellectual community. Over the course of a semester, enrolled students participate in regular small-group discussions facilitated by a graduate student mentor (following a faculty-directed curriculum), meet with their graduate student mentor for one-on-one academic advising, attend lectures and panel discussions featuring department faculty and alumni, and go on field trips to campus resources. Students are not required to be declared majors in order to participate.

Berkeley Connect: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2016, Fall 2015, Spring 2015
Individual research on a topic which leads to the writing of major paper. Regular meetings with the faculty sponsor.
Supervised Independent Study and Research: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017
Introduction to the field examining the critical practices and salient terms and issues in the study of contemporary cultural and social formations. The focus is interdisciplinary.
Critical Terms and Issues in Comparative Ethnic Studies: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017
The course examines critical theories and methods in the production of historical narratives, social myths, and ideologies dealing with racialization and ethnicity. Special attention is given to employment strategies, tropes, and allegorical forms in the construction of historical events and narratives.
History and Narrativity: Contemporary Theories and Methods: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2016
The course examines critical theories and methods in the production of cultural knowledge in the humanities. Special attention is given to transdisciplinary articulation with theories and methods in the social sciences.
Cultural Texts: Contemporary Theories and Methods: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2016
The course examines critical theories and methods in the production of knowledge relevant to social, political, economic, and institutional structures. Special attention is given to transdisciplinary articulation with theories and methods in the humanities.
Social Structures: Contemporary Theories and Methods: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Prior to 2007
Research seminar focus is on critical history and practices across disciplines.
Series in Transdisciplinary Comparative Theories and Methods: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Fall 2017, Spring 2017
Research seminar focus is on critical theories and practices in transnational comparative frameworks.
Series in Comparative Transnational Theories and Methods: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2018, Fall 2017, Spring 2017
A seminar course designed to involve Ethnic Studies students directly in the research process. Emphasis on examination and analysis of primary sources, methodology, and the development of theoretical constructs. A major research paper is required.
Research Seminar: Selected Issues and Topics: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2017 8 Week Session, Spring 2017, Summer 2016 8 Week Session
For qualified students directly working on the doctoral dissertation.
Directed Dissertation Research: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Summer 2017 8 Week Session, Summer 2016 8 Week Session
A term paper is required.
Directed Reading: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017
This seminar is intended to instruct new graduate students in the behavior of professional academics including research, teaching, and academic ethics.
Professional Orientation: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Prior to 2007
This course trains graduate students in writing for professional purposes, such as preparing conference presentations, articles for publication in journals, applications for funding, prequalifying exam position papers, dissertation prospectuses, dissertation chapters, book prospectuses, job applications, etc. Students bring in drafts of their writing for intensive critique by the instructor and fellow students.
Professional Writing: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Fall 2017, Fall 2016, Fall 2015
The seminar provides a systemic approach to theories and practices of critical pedagogy at the university level. Examines the arts of teaching and learning and current disciplinary and cross-disciplinary issues in African/diaspora and Ethnic Studies. Participation two hours per week as practicum in 39, "Introduction to the University: African American Perspectives" is mandatory. The course is required for students expecting to serve as graduate student instructors in the department.
Critical Pedagogy: Instructor Training: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2017
Individual study, in consultation with Group faculty, to prepare students for master's examinations.
Individual Study for Master's Students: Read More [+]

Terms offered: Spring 2017
Individual study, in consultation with Group faculty, to prepare students for the doctoral oral examinations. A student will be permitted to accumulate a maximum of 16 units in 601 and 602, respectively, toward examination preparation. Units earned in these courses may not be used to meet academic residence or unit requirements for the master's or doctoral degree.
Individual Study for Doctoral Students: Read More [+]